Garden design is not an exact science and the principles used may be called by various names. The 3 categories below contain the basic elements that, when combined together, constitute the generally accepted version of good garden design. Keep in mind that garden design is personal and rules are meant to be broken.
Order/Balance/Proportion
The basic structure of the garden. Order can be obtained through symmetry, as in a formal garden, through repetition of plants or colors or through balancing bold or bright features with a comparable weight of fine or muted features (generally in a 1/3 to 2/3 ratio).
Harmony or Unity
When the parts of the garden work together as a whole. This can be accomplished by using a limited color pallette, repetition of plants, colors or structures and a clear focal point. Themes gardens have built in unity, like: all white gardens, butterfly gardens and cottage gardens.
Flow, Transition or Rhythm
Keeping the eye moving and directing it where you want it to look Gradual changes in height and color prevent the eye from making a sudden stop. Transition can also be used to create the illusion of a larger space by creating depth as smaller plants flow back into taller plants.
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